Men with low morphology (% of normal-shaped sperm) may have more genetically abnormal sperm. Morphology testing is far from a perfect test but may mean that you need more workup or can change fertility treatment recommendations. More genetically abnormal sperm increases the chance of miscarriage or chromosomally abnormal pregnancy, but does not cause common birth defects. Morphology has two different standards – the ‘strict’ or Kruger morphology standard, where 15% is a perfect score and < 5% is very low, is a more useful test than the older World Health Organization or WHO standard, where 30% is a perfect score, for men trying have a child – this test should be done at a Fertility clinic.