What causes azoospermia?

Azoospermia (no sperm or no living sperm) could be due to obstruction (blockage) or a sperm production issue. It should be confirmed by more than one semen analysis: a fertility clinic will ‘spin down’ a sample with no sperm so that we can find very low numbers of sperm. Many men still have some sperm production, so sperm can be surgically retrieved for IVF with ICSI (In Vitro Fertilization with Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection), or donor sperm can be used for fertility treatment such as Intrauterine Inseminations (IUI) . See a Fertility MD (Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility or REI) for help.